U.S. painter. Born in Nyack, N.Y., he was initially trained as an illustrator and later studied painting with R. Henri. In 1913 he exhibited in the Armory Show but spent much of his time on advertising art and illustrative etchings. In the mid-1920s he turned to watercolors and oil paintings of urban life. His House by the Railroad (1925) and Room in Brooklyn (1932) depict still, anonymous figures and within geometric building forms, producing the haunting sense of isolation that was to be his hallmark. . His mature style was already formed in the 1920s; his later development showed constant refinement and an even greater mastery of light. 

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